Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Health Priorities in Australia Essay

1. Using measures of epidemiology, investigate the health status of Australians. Health status is a holistic concept that is determined by more than the presence or absence of any disease. It is often summarised by life expectancy or self-assessed health status, and more broadly includes measures of functioning, physical illness, and mental wellbeing. Epidemiology is the study of disease in groups or populations through the collection of data and information, to identify patterns and causes. The measures of epidemiology are: Mortality- refers to the number of deaths in a given population from a particular cause and/or over a period of time. Infant Mortality- refers to the number of infant deaths in the first year of life, per 1,000 live births. Morbidity- is the incidence or level of illness, disease or injury in a given population. Life Expectancy- is the length of time a person can expect to live. More specifically, it refers to the average number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age, based on current death rates. In Australia, the median age of death among the entire population in 2007 was 80.5 years old. In 2011 that statistic had risen to 81.5 years old, an increase of one year to the average life. In both years the leading cause of death among Australians was circulatory diseases (diseases of the heart and blood vessels) and the second leading cause in both years was cancer. Although the percentage of cancer deaths rose from 29.2% proportion of totals deaths to 29.8% and the percentage of circulatory disease deaths dropped from 33.8% of the populations deaths down to 31%. In the past 100 years the infant mortality rate as decreased by 95%, from more than one in ten deaths in the first year of life (100+ deaths per 1000 live births) to one in 200 deaths in the first year of life (5 deaths per 100 live births). This can be attributed to improved health education, public sanitation, improved medical diagnosis and improved support services for parents and new born babies. Most infant mortalities are caused by congenital malformations which are structural or functional anomalies which are present at the birth of a child, preventative causes of this disease are  improving the diet of women through their reproductive years, avoiding exposure to harsh environmental substances and improving vaccinations and health education. Information about the incidence and prevalence of the total population gives a broader perspective on the nation’s health than just the mortality statistics. Australia’s population has a lowering incidence of asthma and rising survival rate of cancer although since 1984 the incidence of five major cancers has risen (Breast, Prostrate, Melanoma, Colorectal and Lung) and a report from SMH in 2008 shows 7.4 million people are overweight or obese and the prevalence of diabetes climbs rapidly, along with these problems the amount of people affected by STI’s has risen to more than 230 per 100,000 people. According to AIHW (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare) Australia is one of the healthiest nations in the world although Indigenous Australians lag behind in their health status. Australians live the second longest lives in world, behind Japan. The average Australian citizen will live to be 81.4 years old. And trends indicate that the expectancy of males and females is growing, since 2000 the life expectancy of males has grown from 77.4 years old to 79.7 years old, an increase of 2.3 years. The life expectancy of females since 2000 has grown from 82.6 up to 84.2, an increase of 1.6 years. This increase in the life expectancy of Australian residents indicates that their health is improving, with the help of increased knowledge and improved health services. Taking all of this information into account, using measures of epidemiology, the health status of Australians can be said to be relatively good compared with that of other nations. The improved health services and new discoveries in the health sector along with increased knowledge about health from the population also indicates that the health status of Australians may be improving. 2. Explain how health promotion, based on the Ottawa Charter, reflects social justice principles. Health promotion is a combination of science, medicine, practical skills and beliefs aimed at maintaining and improving the health of all people. The Ottawa Charter for health promotion promotes social justice as it incorporates the idea of giving all members of  the community access to health services and attempts to rule out inequities in differing communities. The Ottawa Charter does this through its five action areas: Building Healthy Public Policy, Create Supportive Environments, Strengthen Community Action, Develop Personal Skills and Reorient Health Services. All five of these action areas provide a building block for health promotions. The four principles of social justice are: Equity, Access, Participation and Rights. The way equity is reflected in health promotion based on the Ottawa Charter is through the action areas Building Healthy Public Policy, Create Supportive Environments and Reorient Health Services as these three areas bring together people onto an equal level and give specific help to those who need it, creating equity in communities. Access is reflected in health promotion based on the Ottawa Charter t hrough the action area Reorient Health Services, as this area of the charter aims to bring together health services, governing bodies and other health professionals in an attempt to give more adequate access to health services to those who need it. Also reflected is Participation, which can be based on the Ottawa Charter action areas through Building Healthy Public Policy, Strengthen Community Action and Develop Personal Skills. This can be known as empowering the communities and bringing the communities the education and information needed to know more about their own health. Lastly, Rights is reflected in health promotion through the action areas Create Supportive Environments and Reorient Health Services as they attempt to give equitable opportunities for good health to all individuals. With these four social justice principles reflected in health promotion, the overall health of Australia can be improved, examples of this include: ‘Quit for you – Quit for two’ which promotes to pregnant women who smoke, who if they ceased their habit would be creating a more equal life for their expectant child and give them the right for an opportunity to good health. Another example would be the ‘Swap it’ campaign which aims at developing personal skills while creating equity through smart food choices. 3. Critically analyse how the action areas of the Ottawa Charter address Australia’s health priorities through ONE health promotion initiative. â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slide† Campaign by the Cancer Council of Australia was created in 1980 and revolved around Sid the Seagull who gave a constant reminder of the easy ways that the population of Australia would be able to avoid skin cancer; slip on a shirt, slop on sunscreen and slap on a hat. 27 year later the ad was upgraded to include; seek shade and slide on sunnies, thus creating the â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slide† song. The campaign aims to lower the prevalence and incidence of skin cancers in Australia. The action areas of the Ottawa Charter address Australia’s health priorities through this campaign. The action areas are: Building Healthy Public Policy, Create Supportive Environments, Strengthen Community Action, Develop Personal Skills and Reorient Health Services. Building Healthy Public Policy- Policies have been created due to increased awareness attributed to the â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slide† campaign; a commonly known policy would be the â€Å"No Hat, No Play† policy used in schools. This is used by teachers to protect children from skin cancer risks in the playground. Advantages of this would be that children will be increasingly protected and parents are given peace of mind, and no noticeable disadvantages are created by this policy. Create Supportive Environments- A noticeable environment change caused by the increased awareness of skin cancers would the addition of shaded areas to many public places. This creates an environment for the public population that is protected from harmful Ultraviolet sun rays. An advantage of this are that people can be outside but protected from skin cancer risks while a disadvantage would be that most of these shaded areas come at the expense of nature, eg- destruction of trees and/or other natural features. Strengthen Community Action- Two initiatives related to the ‘Slip Slop Slap† would be the introduction of Cancer Centres to many rural areas and the Relay for Life, which is about raising funds for the Cancer Council. These two initiatives can create awareness of skin cancer, while the former can save lives. Only advantages are created by these two initiatives, which are; increased knowledge, funds gained for research and practical use, the ability to detect cancers and save lives. Develop Personal Skills- The campaign of â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slide† uses a jingle to educate the Australian population. The TV ad itself is an educational video, which creates awareness of skin cancers in Australia. This leads to increased knowledge of how to protect yourself and others from skin cancers. An advantage of this is that the Australian public is being educated in their own home by the TV, although a disadvantage is that they do not know that  they are being directly educated. Reorient Health Services- A health service which has become operational due to increased awareness of skin cancers is the Skin Cancer @ Bondi checks, where on the beach at Bondi you can have a skin cancer check. This leads to a safer beach, as beachgoers can be precautious and have a skin cancer check. Advantages of this are that the population can be on the beach and get their skin checked at the same time as well as not have to book into a skin cancer centre for the check. A disadvantage may be that the check may not be a thorough as one performed in a more professional environment. Overall, the introduction of the â€Å"Slip Slop Slap† campaign and the readjustment to â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slid e† campaign has increased the awareness and knowledge of skin cancers in Australia. The action areas of the Ottawa Charter are relevant to the campaign and Australia’s health priorities.

Narrative (fiction) texts Essay

Children should be able to distinguish narrative texts from expository ones. For a child to be familiar with each type of text means to possess sound communicational, analytical, reading, and writing skills. DQ 14 It is critical that children are able to distinguish expository texts from narrative works of writing. Generally, there are several features which make narrative and expository texts different from each other. Narrative (fiction) texts are filled with numerous sensory details. Personal experience is not a rare subject of fiction stories. Fiction literary works are usually told from a first person’s view. In many instances, the author of a fiction story will refer to personal interpretation of events and phenomena by using â€Å"I† or â€Å"we† pronouns. Expository (non-fiction) texts are primarily aimed at informing, explaining, or persuading the reader. Expository texts are not colored with emotions, being written from a non-personal (often neutrally objective) viewpoint, and carrying no sensory details. Expository texts are never written in the first person (Vacca, 1999). Children should be able to differentiate expository texts from narrative literary works. Children need these skills to read and interpret texts, to be able to search and analyze the required information, to choose a correct writing style according to the specific writing needs and circumstances (Vacca, 1999). The process of education requires using either expository or narrative information as the source of knowledge on various curriculum subjects. To understand the meaning of a word, to communicate with audiences, to acquire new information, and to use this information to achieve personal goals, children need to possess sound knowledge on what a fiction, and what a non-fiction text is. The five examples of fiction books: Louis Ehlert’s Red Leaf, Yellow Leaf; Mary Hoffman’s Amazing Grace; Jerry Stanley’s Children on the Dust Bowl; Harriette Gillem Robinet’s Children of the Fire; Marya Dasef’s Tales of a Texas Boy. The five examples of non-fiction books: DK Publishing’s Children’s History of the 20th century; Delia Ray’s A Nation Torn: The Story of How the Civil War Began; Anne Millard’s Pyramids; Aliki’s Communication; Russell Freedman’s Children of the Wild West. References Vacca, R. T. (1999). Content area reading: Literacy and learning across the curriculum. New York: Longman.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Independence day speech Essay

independence Day- the day when British left the golden bird free from their rule. But the bird was left looted, harassed, with the slightest of hope to survive. Then followed a long fight for the survival of golden bird. 64 years have passed and the country is still ‘developing’. The whole world says and even we believe that we are the citizens of an independent country. But a question always keep on hovering in my mind, the answer to which I never found out. You also give it a try. Is India really free? Are we not bound by so many handcuffs of ever growing poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, crimes, men-women inequality, limited technology and the worst of all which potentiate other bounding forces too- Corruption? Shocked seeing the figure Don’t be because there is still a large figure behind the scene which the CBI has failed to suspect. â€Å"Angrez chale gaye par inhe chod gye†- the best phrase that can describe our corrupt politicians and high commanding officers. And why only blame these famous names. Even an  ordinary man is giving them a tough competition- Wrong ways to save income tax, Under table income, and what not. Fighting with any outsider is easy but how to fight with someone amongst ourselves. How to punish a crow from within a group of parrots? And what adds to the tragedy is that everyone is inside this dirty cave of corruption. Those who are in the light of honesty and truthfulness don’t want to make an initiative to clean this dirt. A grand salute to those great leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Swami Vivekanand, Lal Bahadur Shastri, Bhagat Singh who broke a revolt against British and drove them back to their home. Today again we need such leaders to drive corruption out of this beautiful country. Then we all will proudly say that â€Å"Yes!! We are the citizens of an independent country which flies unbound in the sky of glory and success†. Happy Independence Day to all !! Let us vow to make our country a free bird again. Jai Hind!!

Monday, July 29, 2019

Urban Un-sustainability Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Urban Un-sustainability - Research Paper Example One of the important options is the immigration of people to big cities from the rural areas and from the surrounding suburbs in search of livelihood. This immigration and other factors are initiating urbanization process all over the world. â€Å"Whereas by turn of century almost half of the world’s population is lived in urban areas; it is expected that this figure will reach to 8.1 billion -60.5% of world population- by year 2030.† (Masnavi, 2007). This unavoidable urbanization brings out both benefits and challenges. The phenomenon of urbanization has been making quite a good ‘impression’ on the skylines of many cities all over the world, and on the lives of people living there as well as on the ones who are migrating to there. However, on the other hand, unstable immigration and the resultant urbanization are negatively affecting the migrating people and importantly the natural environment of that urban area. That is, in the urban areas, there are heig htened industrial developments and other developments including the maximal use of automobiles and other energy driven tools. All these ‘developments’ can play a destructive role as well, with various emissions and other byproducts making the urban areas ecologically unsustainable. So, this paper will discuss how today's urban regions are becoming un-sustainable ecologically, focusing on the principal causes of this urban un-sustainability. Urbanization and Sustainability As urbanization involves development of industries and other career options for the people, and also various social and entertainment options, it entices sizable population. It results in immigration of large scale population to the developing or existing urban areas causing 'physical' growth or expansion of natural land into urban areas. This immigration develops those urban areas and positively impacts the people living there including their standard of living, economic status, etc. â€Å"Cities hav e traditionally provided more jobs than rural areas because cities are the sites of industry, economic development, and educational and cultural opportunities.† (Berg, 2006). However, during this process of urbanization, the urban areas kind of becomes ‘hot spots’, as heightened immigration is leading to the establishment of more industries, more vehicles on the road, in total it leads to the establishment of more environment destructive entities and processes. Ironically, the above mentioned destructive or development activities cannot be avoided or stopped, as it has been providing many developments and comforts to all sections of the society particularly in the urban areas. In that case, the most feasible option is carrying out those developmental activities in a sustainable way. Sustainable way or sustainability in the sense, if those developmental activities are carried out taking into consideration various social aspects and importantly environmental aspects for not only the current times but also the future, then it constitutes sustainable way. â€Å"Sustainability creates and maintains the conditions under which humans and nature can exist in productive harmony, that permit fulfilling the social, economic and other requirements of present and future generations.† (â€Å"What is sustainability?†

Sunday, July 28, 2019

The sub‐prime crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The sub†prime crisis - Essay Example taking their toll on the modern economies however with prudent monetary policy and effective risk management practices, the future episodes of such nature may be avoided. Getting consumer credit through various financial institutions especially banks requires consumers to maintain a certain degree of credit rating in order to qualify for those loans. Unlike large corporate companies, consumers or rather individuals pose a different challenge and dynamics to financial institutions to cater their needs for credit and formal funding requirements of these individuals. It is because of this reason that various banks and financial institutions have developed their internal rating methodologies which they assign to various consumers asking for credit. Banks than through their internal as well external credit scores or ratings decide to whom they should provide the credit. These criteria of credit rating often are designed to be tough since Banks in order to avoid defaults, tighten their criteria to extend the credit to these customers. However, due to increasing needs of those customers, whose credit history or their credit ratings do not fall under the cri teria laid down by the banks, banks try to accommodate them also. Sub-prime lending is the part of that phenomenon. â€Å"Sub-Prime lending typically has been characterized as lending at relatively costly interest rates and fees to credit impaired or otherwise high risk borrowers.†Error: Reference source not found. Subprime loans are among the newly popular mortgage products, such as interest-only loans, for people with strained budgets, including first-time buyers. Homeowners increasingly use them to refinance and consolidate household debts when their credit scores fall in the wake of bankruptcy, high medical bills, or other setbacks.Error: Reference source not found. It is generally believed that the subprime borrowers emerge due to lack of the good credit history on their back and since there number grew

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Entrepreneurial Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Entrepreneurial Finance - Essay Example ing the relevant external and internal elements which are involved in new business startups it answers the questions such as where the organization stands right now, which direction is it going in and how to get there. It acts as a resume for any proposed business and is usually created to explain the vision and entrepreneur has for his business. A business plan is read by investors, employees, bankers, venture capitalists, customers, suppliers and advisors. Every stakeholder has a different perspective and interest in the business and so the content and focus of a business plan depends upon who is going to read it. For a profit organization, a business plan typically focuses on the financial goals such as profits. It comprises of the industry dynamics, company’s vision and mission, the resources required to run the business, the amount of capital needed, the sources of capital, the production and marketing plan and the pro forma financial statements to determine the expected profitability of the company over time. In short, it is a complete document consisting of all the information related to a business. A business plan is valuable not only to an entrepreneur, but to potential investors or even the new personnel who want to familiarize themselves with the venture, its goals and objectives. Following are three major roles of a business plan: The financial assessment of a business is an important activity which must be carried out on a continuous basis. It is done to identify if the business is solvent, that is, if its assets exceeds its debt and thus making the business capable of paying to all its creditors on time. Secondly, it helps entrepreneurs of investors to estimate the equity value of the company at any given point in time. A business is considered a financial success if it meets the following criteria: The financial plan of a business is the section in the business plan which determines if the new business venture is viable or not, or if it would be

Friday, July 26, 2019

Public health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Public health - Essay Example of this kind of disparity in the American society that necessitated the creation and formation of special statutes like Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA). These special statutes provide a roadmap for affordable and easily accessible healthcare for the less privileged American citizens. For example, EMTALA advocates for free and quick health care provision to persons in dire need of medical attention but have no money or insurance cover offset their hospital bills (Schecter). It is true that the years during the existence of our grandparents, prevalence of infectious diseases was of great concern to the members of the various societies. However, these fears came to pass upon the rise in innovation and expansive research conducted to identify viable ways to eradicate the threats. The curiosity, expansive research and increased innovation led to the development of antitoxins and vaccinations that provided immunizations against various communicable diseases. Before the industrial revolution, traditional societies relied on herbs and witchcraft for medicinal and protective purposes without any form of diagnosis. The industrial revolution that facilitated the rate of innovation and creativity led to intensive research that saw improvement in the field of healthcare and healthcare delivery. Today, there various research efforts are underway to elevate the status of healthcare delivery targeted to enhance and the foster quality of

Thursday, July 25, 2019

ENTERPRISE & SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

ENTERPRISE & SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT - Essay Example The external factors include culture, role models, work experience, education, and environment. It is important to look at all of these factors and their influence on entrepreneurial behaviour. The relationship between the entrepreneur, personality characteristics, values, and other dimensions helps explain why some become entrepreneurs and others do not. Entrepreneurship is often difficult and tricky, as many new ventures fail. In the context of the creation of for-profit enterprises, entrepreneur is often synonymous with founder. Most commonly, the term entrepreneur applies to someone who creates value by offering a product or service in order to obtain certain profit. While there is social entrepreneurship in most markets, business entrepreneurs often have strong beliefs about a market opportunity and are willing to accept a high level of personal, professional or financial risk to pursue that opportunity. Business entrepreneurs are viewed as fundamentally important in the capitalistic society. Some distinguish business entrepreneurs as either "political entrepreneurs" or "market entrepreneurs." There is also the concept of social entrepreneurship. Since the beginning of the history, people have been interested in studying the nature of entrepreneurship. They wanted to find the 'traits' that distinguished entrepreneurs from non-entrepreneurs and successful entrepreneurs from unsuccessful entrepreneurs. Some researchers believed that cognitive and psychological factors like intelligence, ambition and aggressiveness are the traits commonly found in entrepreneurs. However, there were also another set of researchers who believed that physical characteristics like height (especially more than average), large body structure and personal attractiveness are important traits of entrepreneurs. Most research studies on entrepreneurship suggest that there are certain factors that differentiate entrepreneurs from non - entrepreneurs. Some of these include initiative, desire to lead, integrity, self-confidence, analytical ability, and knowledge of the specific company, industry or technology. If in case the above mentioned factors are supplemented with traits such as charisma, creativity and flexibility, an individual is likely to be an effective leader. The presence of these characteristics in an individual does not guarantee that he will be an effective l

Personal development through reflective practice Essay

Personal development through reflective practice - Essay Example ts on a monthly basis with all of the heads of service within the council Senior Management Group to make sure that all of the senior managers within the council have a regular opportunity to keep up to date with the latest changes and/or issues which are taking shape. Their stipulated task and the agenda is to Provide strategic advice to the council, ensuring that the policy objectives of the council are incorporated within the work programmers of services; Lead and/or manage the development of major strategies; Provide information and support to councilors, managers and staff; Manage the performance of the directors and heads of service to enable services to implement the councils policies efficiently and effectively; Oversee the development of working relationships between councilors and staff; Ensure the health of the organization (values, culture, expectations and structures);Provide the lead on corporate and inter-agency initiatives to achieve an integrated approach for issues which fall outside of traditional service delivery mechanisms; Co-ordinate the councils work with partner organizations and to establish working relationships with their representatives; Represent the council in local, regional and national debates and Deal with the re solution of conflict. The primary agenda of the counsel is to ensue that the children are developed to their full potential and are brought in a stable, safe and a secure environment. The real deal lies in improving upon their educational attainment and to help even the most vulnerable children and young people to groom them and become better individuals in the long run. Would be to Enabling all children and young people to fulfil their potential, Promoting their safety, care and stability, improving their educational attainment and to enable the most vulnerable children and young people in the Council to develop to their full potential The real strength of the department lies in the wide pool of staff knowledge

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Pluto Telecommunication- Organisational Behaviour (People Management & Assignment

Pluto Telecommunication- Organisational Behaviour (People Management & Organisation - Assignment Example The main concern in this context can be recognised to be shortage of proper coordination amid the leaders of top level management and lack of proper planning that could help the company in conducting proper marketing and selling of its products. Thus, with this concern, this particular report is about analysing the problems confronting Pluto and offering valuable suggestions for the resolution of the problems to the company (Martin, 1994). Problem Identification According to the case study, Pluto is being facing crucial problems over a few preceding years. In this regard, one of the problems can be viewed as poor communication. There does not lay any sort of effective communication between the three functional departments of the company which ultimately hampered the performance of the company at large. The overall performance of Pluto got hampered in terms of losing number of orders and also increasing in the complaints of its products by the customers. The main problem which can be seen in accordance with the case study is the cultural difference which is prevailing in the three different operating segments of Pluto. This can be one of the major reasons which eventually results in making inefficient communication between different groups (Martin, 1994). ... between management and employees, whereas, smaller-scale deficiency in communication can occur between the individuals belonging to different functional or operational departments. It is worth mentioning that failure to communicate effectively is often said to be one of the imperative reasons behind raising conflicts in any organisation. Poor communication can create conflict in a number of ways that are apparently visible in this case study. For instance, in accordance with the case, it is clear that the deficiency in proper communication between various operational departments of Pluto has affected the financial position of the company through generating conflicts with the customers in terms of raising severe complaints and losing new orders (Martin, 1994). Analysis Is This an Issue or Problem That Is Concerned With One or Several Aspects? Pluto Telecommunication has been facing challenges while performing its different operational functions. It can be stated that the main reason b ehind the arising challenges is the expansion of the company. It can clearly be seen that there exist lack of proper coordination between the three various functional departments of Pluto. The particular aspect raised several problems like no formulation of proper marketing strategy, need of forming incentive plans by the sales department and non-availability of brochures depicting features of the new products among others. Thus, on the basis of the above discussion, it can be affirmed that the issue concerning shortage of proper coordination or communication is principally concerned with several significant aspects (Martin, 1994). Theories or Concepts Relating to the case study of Pluto, several theories or concepts can be taken into concern that would help in analysing the organisational

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Career Information #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Career Information #2 - Essay Example (US Bureau of Labor Statistics) In order to pursue a career in carpentry in general it is necessary to have a â€Å"preference for physical work†, to know how to read and interpret blue prints and to have an â€Å"interest in working with power tools.† (Today’s Military) A military carpenter is referred to as a Construction Specialists and this job entails the construction of foundations, floor slabs, walls, food framing, roof laying, tile laying, step and stair construction and the construction of â€Å"temporary shelters.† (Today’s Military) The military provides training which combines carpentry with masonry. (Today’s Military) In any case training is gained by virtue of hands-on experience and â€Å"advanced courses.† (Today’s Military) Civilian carpenters are required to have at least three to four years on the job experience as well as course training to qualify as a carpenter. (Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-2009) Carpenters can become certified with sufficient training as journeypersons, scaffold building, pump work or high torque bolting. (Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-2009) While there is an obvious need for carpenters in the military since they continuously construct temporary shelters for storage and other military needs, civilian demand for carpenters will correspond with construction activities. The more construction that takes place the greater the need for carpenters. (Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-2009) Likewise the demand for carpentry corresponds with the size of the population in any geographical area. For example a highly populated area will likely have a greater demand for carpentry than a sparsely populated area. (Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-2009) The home construction carpenter earn the highest hourly wage at US$17.38 in 2006. (Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-2009) â€Å"Foundation, structure, and building exterior contractors† earned US$17.03

Monday, July 22, 2019

International Business Essay Example for Free

International Business Essay What is e-Bay’s core competency? How does it relate to its chosen strategy? e-Bay’s competencies lie in its software, which allows people to trade with little supervision. It also has competencies in dispute resolution, an automated item listing service, an online financial service and a communications platform. The integration of these allow e-Bay to have a more efficient and effective trading tool used and policed by the buyers and sellers in the site. What are the implications to the challenges identified in the case regarding e-Bay’s strategy today and the future? The challenge on translation software has the least amount of impact considering that even the users of the site are content with â€Å"pretty good. † An improvement in this area though, would make the service more reliable. Government regulation challenges are perhaps one of the most difficult. With new laws constantly passed in countries, some laws that touch on trade could prove a hindrance to e-Bay’s expansion and could restrict their operations. Unless the world becomes more open to the flow of goods, then e-Bay would constantly face problems. The digital divide is a less serious problem. With technology catching up to many countries and becoming more available and cheaper, it is only a matter of time before the internet becomes available to poor communities. Cultural attributes is one of the most problematic. Since beliefs take so much time to shape and that reactions are unpredictable, it is important for e-Bay to be able to make their strategies localized and adapt it to the current system. Finally, international expansion is an unpredictable challenge, but could prove successful if their users continue to support and trust the company for their trading needs. Which candidate should the committee nominate for the assignment? Why? The first choice would be Brett Harrison because of his experience in running line activities and supervisory staff and being rated as an excellent worker. More importantly, he has knowledge about the country which is one of the most important things in running the operations of the company there. If he doesn’t agree because of familial considerations, then, Ravi Desai should take his place, not only because of his knowledge of the country but also because he has experience in handling large operations. Should all the candidates receive the same compensation package? If not, which factors influence each package? The candidates should all receive the same principle in their compensation package: a common basic salary and a bonus dependent on their performance and contributions to the company.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Reflective learning journal

Reflective learning journal Reflective learning journal It is time to write the Reflective learning Journal at the end of this semester to conclude what we have learned from the Economics and Finance Engagement Project. Through reading outline, I realized that there was a great difference with other courses. First, almost all courses have mid-term exam and final exam; however, there are no any examinations in this course. Second, course arrangement is two hours in lecture and one hour in tutorial in other courses, while there is half an hour meeting with clients project sponsor in this course and two hours in group discussion. At the beginning of this course I felt that it would be simpler compared with other courses. In fact, I was wrong. I need to spend more time on this subject. Each week our group has group meeting in Cabramatta library, discussion always continue on two hours or the whole afternoon. After discussion, each member needs to spend long time on researching materials in internet and evaluating them. Although the process is hard, the result is wonderful. After the efforts of our teammates, our group has accomplished tenders and final reports on time. The communication skills, learning styles, information literacy, and data analysis has greatly improved through three months studying; it will be helpful for my postgraduate study and future works. In the tender documents I have mentioned that there are three units relevant to the project which is Investment, Project Management, and Statistics. Investment is relevant in regards to milestone seven which documents the retail and commercial opportunities Fairfield has in attracting office space leavers from Parramatta and Liverpool. Project Management is highly relevant to this project as time planning, material organizing, data analyzing, time controlling is all very crucial in ensuring the project successful and achieving all its objectives and milestones. Statistics is quite helpful as the project will need charts and tables to compare data and statistics and hence evaluate them. When our group has completed all the tasks, I found that Project Management plays the greatest role with the other two units. Investment theory is applied to the milestone seven. It is just recommends investors how to catch the opportunity in disadvantage situation. I mean that Fairfield has lowest pri ce, lowest quality and hardest to get transportation compared to Parramatta and Liverpool, why investors choose Fairfield rather than Parramatta or Liverpool? It is necessary to use investment theory to evaluate them. We have draw lots of charts and tables in the final reports to compare data, but the data analysis and evaluation are reflected from the Project Management. It can be said that project management in the tenders and final reports played a leading role in this project. Project Management tell us how to collect enough information in limited time, how to filter the most significant points from complex information. Although these three units play an important role in tenders and final reports, other economic and finance content is still need to add. For example, Macroeconomic and Market Model knowledge is widely used in final reports. Macroeconomics is a course that combined with the reality of the economic situation and development trend of the world. Our group found that there are a lot of retail rental advertisements in Parramatta, Liverpool, and Fairfield. The historic data show that the number of retail rental advertisements increasing in recent months. Whats more, the rent is cheaper than before. This fact is meeting to world economic situation. All we know that the world economics face to the hugest downturn in 21 century, during the financial crisis, many banks and large companies have declared bankruptcy. In Australia the impact of financial crisis is also considerable. The unemployment rate goes up nearly twice. Many small business investors are forced to give up their own business. It is quite normal that there are a lot of vacant retail stores in real estate agent website. Market Model is extremely relevant to the project; in particular the final objective where the concepts and strategies obtained in Marketing Principles will need to be implemented to evaluate the opportunities that Fairfield LGA has in attracting potential office space l eavers from Liverpool and Parramatta as well as introducing specific techniques to ensure this occurs. Macroeconomic have been learned in my sophomore, but Market principle have not learned now. In addition to, I think library is a good place for researching, discussion, studying. I can find any book I want to it. Except for the theories of economics, other learning skills and language abilities is especially needed for foreign student. Overseas students have to face language and cultural differences problem, for example, when I first meeting to the word â€Å"tender†, I confused it. I can not understand what the Chinese meaning of this word. My teammates explain the meaning of this word clearly for me. Overall, I still lack of sufficient knowledge to finish this course perfectly, it is force me to study harder and master more knowledge. Even if I have learned sufficient economic and finance knowledge, the emotion changes still have enormous impact on my learning. Particular to an overseas student who just arrived in Australia six months, it is very important for me to adjust psychological change. When I first meet this course I have a great interest in this project, each member of our group have enough enthusiasm to complete our own milestone. It is normal that disgusted with the project occasionally, because I must do lots of job in one day that included another subject assignment. This situation raises the pressure, and these pressures may come from learning, life and finance. For example, I accepted the East education nearly 15 years, so it is difficult for us to truly integrate into Western societies. What more, before I came to Australia, my parent give me lots of help when I needed. Without parents support, I am afraid to face some problem. On the other hand, I have to face language and cultural differences. I must thank our teachers spend long time on our foreign students and provide particularly concerns sometimes. I have improved myself a lot after I arrived in Australia. I was a shy, introverted student, and even performed unconfident sometimes. I would not like discussing with other group members at first. However, through four month communication, I have slowly started to change myself. I would like to talk with my teammates when I confused some problems and other life problems. So I really want to appreciate our group members, thanks for their serious, hard-working, humorous, and enthusiastic attitude to me. On one occasion, I should be completed my task that belong to my part, unfortunately, I must move house that day. I was so busy that I cleaned my home until 12 pm, it is really felt tried. When I intend to start my task, team leader send the SMS to me told me that I must be very tired for moving house, they have finished my part. I am really very grateful for their help. Both learning styles and education styles have different way in China and Australia. Although this is my first time experience the Western education, I already known that there are huge differences between Eastern educations with Western educations. Firstly, the different way was from the teaching methods. When I see our teacher Ingrid sitting at the table directly during the first class. It is amazing for me, because it looks like impolite for students in china. In fact, I find that the teachers purpose is wants to communicate with students more closely. However, this teaching method is impossible happened in China. In China every classroom has the podium and a blackboard in high school or university. The teacher is used to stand on the podium during the class. Secondly, from the student point of view, the distinction is even more apparent. If students meet problem in the class, we are willing to raise our hands to answer questions after the teachers permission or directly ask the teach er after the class finished. It is impolite for student to interrupt teacher lecture. Student need to keep silent in class in order to not disrupt teachers thinking. In Australia, I find every student is concentrated and activity in the class. Students can ask any questions without teachers permission in the class. For example, if any student feels their thoughts or ideas not the same as teachers idea, student will be asked it directly. However, It is a pity that teacher have to force student to answer questions in China, whats more, no one wants to give the answer even someone know the solution. Thirdly, there are few group discussions or group meeting in senior school or university in China. Even there is one group discussion in one semester which is a choice to chat with another topic that no relation with teachers topic. Whats more, most of students do not cherish these opportunities. All assignment completed independent by the most excellent students in the group without any as sistance. In fact, group meeting is important and useful in research or business. It is a good way to improve our team spirit. Reading and reference and that Chinese girl provide a lot of help. I have acknowledged some of the theories that I did not know. For example, from the Goldsteins article† Service Learning and Teaching about Globalization, I learned that Service and Activist learning(SAL)is a way that analyze social problem by corporate with community, many students were attracted who hope the world be better in the future. Other opinion is that Globalization is not just the region different from north to south, and that combined with winners and losers in both economic worlds. In another article â€Å"Increasing Creativity in Economics: The Service Learning Project† by Hervani and Helms. In the figure 2 Service learning pedagogy: Steps and implementation procedure, it looks like our course procedure. I also understand that the profit of this project is a good chance for developing the critical thinking skills such as analysis, synthesis and evaluation. Our research topic relevant to soci al, I realized that there are lots of social problem still waiting for us to deal with them after research. The key values of service learning project are to improve the social awareness and caring, responsibility, accountability, critical thinking, creativity and active learning. That Chinese girl provides us lots of useful information, teaching us how to do the tender document, which part we should be attention to. In conclusion, I want to appreciate again our teachers Ingrid and Julianne, our teammates Brian, Ian, Linh, Kim and other people who always help me. Overseas students really have different experience with local students. From China to Australia is a very hard experience. First of all, we need to get great results in domestic examination. Followed by we spend long time to prepare for Ielts test, whats more, no one can guarantee your Ielts test result will be able to achieve what you wanted result, some students test 2 times, even more than 4 times 5 times. Visa through Australia government is also complex issues that we need to provide detailed information and sufficient finance source. Duration for Visa always last on one month. It can be said that overseas students harder than domestic students. So I cherished the opportunity to learn as much as possible I can.

Cost Volume Profit Analysis: Advantages and Disadvantages

Cost Volume Profit Analysis: Advantages and Disadvantages â€Å"Cost Volume Profit Analysis is not appropriate in an environment where companies produce many diverse products†. Cost volume profit analysis is the study of the effects of output volume on revenue, costs and profit (Horngren, Sundem and Stratton). The most common use of cost volume profit analysis is to find break-even point in terms of number of units sold. In its simplest form cost volume profit analysis works for single product companies. But most of the companies produce more than one product. Sales mix is the relative proportion of quantities of different products that comprise total sales. When sales mix changes, break-even point changes and so does the profit. Like any model, cost volume profit analysis is based on certain assumptions. This paper looks at the applicability of the assumptions, especially for a company producing more than one product. Most of the assumptions in cost volume profit model are based on the linearity of cost and sales with units. Major elements impacting cost are sudden increase in fixed costs, gain in worker efficiency and higher bargaining power of the company. Similarly revenues are non-linear because companies give varying discounts to different customers. Assumptions made in cost volume profit analysis: Unit selling price remains constant. This implies that the price of the product or service will not change as sales volume varies. In reality the situation is different as reduced selling prices are normally associated with increased sales volume and this supports the supply-demand hypothesis which states that lowering of price will result in higher sales and vice-versa. It is a common practice in the business world to offer different discounts to different customers based on the volume of purchase and the strategic importance of sale. Companies offer bulk discounts to larger customers. Managers often reduce prices as volume increases to attract more customers. Also stiff competition means selling product at discounts during lean periods or during festive times. Bigger companies producing more than one product have often more than one sales manager and they have their own targets. Each sales manager would adjust his sales volume and price to maximize his products profits and this may not result in ideal sales mix for the whole company. Hence the assumption of constant sales price is rarely applicable in today’s dynamic world. The realistic sales-output relationship is more like a curve than a straight line. And when a company is selling more than one product, the analysis of break-even point under multiple non-linear relationships becomes more difficult. The behavior of costs is linear (straight line) over the relevant range. This implies the following assumptions: Costs can be categorised as fixed or variable. In a large organisation with multi-product it becomes very difficult to organize costs into fixed and variable. Not only there are a large number of costs involved but also there are a large number of cost drivers acting on those costs. Under such circumstances segregating costs into fixed and variable is a very tedious and time consuming job. Unit variable costs are fixed and constant. It is possible that unit variable costs remain fixed under circumstances like where a company produces just one standard product. Most businesses enjoy benefits of economics of scale as their production increases in terms of Higher trade discounts; Better credit and financing terms. The above benefits result in reduction of variable cost per unit with increase in number of units. The assumption of linear variable costs doesn’t hold true in reality and will result in a situation where the relationship between variable cost and output is a non-linear relation (Williamson). Also when a company sells many products, unit variable costs can’t be identified properly and hence not known. It is hard to classify variable cost to each product. As an example, a superstore sells thousands of products at different prices. Calculating break-even point in terms of number of units sold would be meaningless. In such scenarios, companies can use total sales and total variable costs to calculate variable costs as a percentage of total sales. Fixed costs remain fixed over a wide range of activity. Companies, based on their experience and studies, can analyse fixed cost over a range of activity. But it would be improper to assume that fixed costs would remain constant over a wide range of activity. In a multi-product company, different products will take different unit time of various production facilities. A change in sales mix may not be met by existing fixed capacity and involve setting up of further facilities resulting in higher fixed costs. Many times fixed cost has a step change and a particular fixed cost is applicable for a range of production only. Because of sudden change in fixed costs, unit costs can vary a lot just near the step change point. In case of multi product companies, because of change in sales mix, it becomes difficult to access which product has caused the change in fixed costs. The efficiency and productivity of the production process and workers remain constant. Under economics of scale, efficiency of production processes increases with increase in production of units. Higher production levels should result in lower variable cost due to higher productivity. This means that assumption of constant unit variable costs doesn’t hold true when there is a change in productivity and efficiency. It is easier to calculate efficiency gains in a single product business. But for a company involved in multiple products, it becomes difficult to track efficiency gains in each process. In multi-product organizations, the sales mix remains constant over the relevant range. It is hardly a scenario where all products perform as per budget expectations in terms of number of units sold. Let’s first examine the scenario where sales-output relationship is a straight line. If products have different contribution percentages, change in sales mix would change overall contribution. A change in sales mix is now basically a question of working out new contribution to sales ratio which is a weighted average based on the number and contribution percentage of each product sold. Change in sales mix would change the contribution ratio and hence the break-even point. If now sales-output relationship is a non-linear one, it becomes much more difficult to calculate contribution percentage at different sales mix. The use of computer programming has made the task of calculations much easier but managers can miss the learning by just focusing on overall break-even point and profits. Fearon (1960) reasoned that the problem of maintaining a constant product-mix in a multi-product company may not be that serious because of the following main points: Break-even analysis is not just to give exact answer, it is more to throw light on the problem areas for management; Break-even point should be used as approximation and as an area rather than a point; Over time, multi-product companies reach a stable product mix which changes slowly. Hence constant product mix could be a good approximation for such scenarios; and Also if company uses constant margin over the cost for all products, then it is much simpler to use cost volume analysis. For companies adopting this pricing strategy, sales mix is not a complex issue. Ignores the time value of money. Cost volume profit analysis doesn’t take into account the time value of money. All cash flows are taken at face value. In real world, there are differences in timing of cash inflows and outflows. Companies have to pay for buying stock, workers salary, marketing and distribution before they can realize sales. Companies pay interest on any money borrowed to finance their working capital. Companies operating in high margin products can still manage to ignore the time value of money but companies with low-margin products have to take into account interest charges. There is no change in inventory levels at the beginning and end of the period. This is hardly the case as most of the companies have work in progress at the beginning and end of a period. It can be a coincidence that the inventory levels are same at the beginning and end, but very rarely a company would plan inventory levels in such a way so that there is no net change in inventory during a period. The task of managing inventory with multiple products is even more difficult. This is not a major issue as companies do stock taking at the end of a period for financial records. But the change in prices over the period and interest on working capital should be taken into account for proper cost volume profit calculations. Fearon (1960) suggested some techniques to incorporate the product mix in a multi-product company for cost volume profit analysis. Though he suggested five different ways of adopting simple cost volume profit analysis in a multi-product company, he himself wasn’t fully satisfied with any of those solutions. But he mentioned that the sales mix could be approximated to benefit from the cost volume profit analysis. With all its shortcomings and assumptions, cost volume profit analysis can be used to look at the profitability levels. Companies producing multiple products in today’s dynamic world should carry on the analysis with a view to look at the results as an approximation and not the definite answer. Management should use the results to highlight problem areas. CONCLUSION Cost volume profit analysis is a common tool used to find break-even point in terms of number of units sold. Assumptions used in cost volume profit analysis are debatable because of linearity of cost and sales price. In real world, both cost and sales price remain fixed only over a narrow range and are impacted by elements like improvement in worker efficiency, bulk discounts both in purchasing and being offered to clients and competition. When a company produces more than one product, a change in the relative proportion of quantities of different products changes the break-even point and profit. Because of the non-linearity and change in sales mix, cost volume profit analysis will not give a correct answer but could be a good approximation of what levels of production should a company target to break-even or to make certain level of profits. Management should use the analysis to look more at the problem areas and profitability of products rather than finding exact profit numbers. BIBLIOGRAPHY Fearon, H. E. (1960). â€Å"Constant product mix – A limiting assumption in B-E analysis†, National Association of Accountants, NAA Bulletin, July 1960, Pg. 61 Horngren, C.T., G.L. Sundem and W.O. Stratton. â€Å"Introduction to management accounting†. Prentice Hall International, Eleventh edition. Williamson, D. â€Å"Cost Volume Profit Analysis: Its assumptions and their pitfalls†, (http://business.fortunecity.com/discount/29/cvpass.htm), date 21 January 2007

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Jack Welch :: essays research papers

Jack Welch was born on November 19, 1935 in Salem, Massachusetts. After graduating high school, he studied at the University of Massuchusetts and received a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering in 1957. He immediately moved to Illiois, where he receive his Master's degree and Ph.D. in chemical engineering. In 1960, Jack started working at General Electric for a starting salary of $10,500. He was very unhappy working for GE due to the low wages and the bureaucracy of management. When Reuben Gutoff, an executive above him, learned that Jack was thinking of leaving GE, he took him out to dinner and convinced him to stay after a four hour conversation. After helping to invent PPO, a new type of plastic, Jack was appointed general manager of a new plastics factory. Soon after, he was placed in charge of the entire plastics division of GE. Jack quickly rose through the ranks of the company when management realized his powerful marketing skills, becoming vice president in 1972, only twelve years from when he started. In 1977, he became senior vice president and two years later, vice-chairman. In 1981, he was chosen to be the company's eighth and youngest CEO. Jack quickly began turning the bloated company around. He told the company's various businesses to be first or second in the market and demanded performance. Over his tenure, 100,000 employees lost their jobs in order to streamline the company. As a result, some people were angered by the layoffs, but it was essential to make the company more efficient. His strong attitude and leadership earned him the nickname "Neutron Jack". In the 1990s, Jack introduced Six Sigma into the company, which intended to increase efficiency and quality of work. The Six Sigma program's goal is to make zero defective products, which is idealistic, but also effective. Over his twenty years as CEO, Welch increased GE's market value from $12 billion to over $280 billion in 2001. The once struggling company was now the biggest corporation in the entire world and also one of the most profitable. The corporation now employs about 350,000 people worldwide. Among his most noble feats was turning the company's 350 businesses into twelve divisions of the company and reducing the management structure from twenty-nine levels to only six.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Ethical Judgement Essay -- genetic experiments, organs, donation

Who appoints ethical limits that prevail in our society? Is every individual responsible for their own actions even though their morals may be different from others? Ethical judgments are made for every individual separately and some of them are based on their own emotions or their own reason. There are many factors that influence ethical judgments in a society or culture. In my essay I will use reason and emotion as ways of knowing, because I believe that in order to make an ethical judgment in both the natural sciences and arts a person’s emotion and reason play a role. Discovering new knowledge in natural sciences is mostly done with controlled experiments, while artists can express their knowledge in a different way with pictures, sculptures, movies†¦ In both areas of knowledge ethics cannot be excluded. Art has more freedom to express without getting negative feedback from spectators or society, while a natural scientist must be aware of lots of ethical limits in ord er that their experiment would be ethically acceptable. My claim is that ethical judgments do limit the methods available in the production of knowledge in arts and natural sciences, but the limitations are stricter when it comes to conducting experiments than creating art works. Ideally an objective view should be considered when evaluating this claim but our emotions can be stumbling blocks to ethical judgments. Firstly it has to be considered that if there were no experiments done with modern medicine that achieved something that was previously unimaginable, there would not be as big progress in medicine. The experiments for creating, testing and improving that medicine were done in some ways that can be ethically questionable. Ethical limits were reached and ... ....html (Accessed: 12th February 2014). †¢ J.P. MORELAND (2009) Ethics Theories: Utilitarianism Vs. Deontological Ethics, Available at: http://www.equip.org/articles/ethics-theories-utilitarianism-vs-deontological-ethics/ (Accessed: 12 February 2014). †¢ RITA PUTATUNDA (2007) Ethical Issues of Cloning, Available at: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ethical-issues-of-cloning.html(Accessed: 12th February 2014). †¢ Ronald Bennett (n.d.) Medical Experiments of the Holocaust and Nazi Medicine, Available at: http://remember.org/educate/medexp.html (Accessed: 12th February 2014). †¢ University of Northern Colorado (2007) Ancient Greek Ethics, Available at:http://mcb.unco.edu/ced/perspectives/ancient-greek.cfm (Accessed: 12th February 2014). †¢ WIKIPEDIA (2014) List of banned films, Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_banned_films (Accessed: 12th February 2014).

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Democracy to Dictatorship in Lord of the Flies Essay -- Lord Flies Ess

Democracy to Dictatorship in Lord of the Flies      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lord of the Flies by William Golding is a novel that represents a microcosm of society in a tale about children stranded on an island. Of the group of young boys there are two who want to lead for the duration of their stay, Jack and Ralph.   Through the opposing characters of Jack and Ralph, Golding reveals the gradual process from democracy to dictatorship from Ralph's democratic election to his lack of law enforcement to Jack's strict rule and his violent law enforcement.      Upon the arrival of the boys to the island Jack immediately found himself in the center of a power struggle. Although the conflict was brief, there was still a very obvious confrontation between Jack and Ralph. Once the boys had assembled themselves there was an election to see who was to be chief. Despite the fact that Ralph was voted leader, the desire to be in command never left Jack. Jack already had some leadership skills, being head choirboy at his old school, and he continuously challenged Ralph.   The greatest source of conflict between Jack and Ralph was the debate over the necessity of maintaining a fire. Ralph felt that it was necessary to keep it burning at all times while Jack believed that hunting pigs and getting meat was much more essential.    Ralph was elected shortly after their arrival to the island, but his time in power came to end quite gradually. He tried to run his group through a democratic type system in which all major decision were first discussed at an assembly before they were put into action. At these assemblies his views were questioned not only by Jack, but by the other boys as well. Even the ideas that the assembly could agree on usually weren't pu... ...rd. Lord of the Flies. By William Golding. New York: Berkley, 1954. Gunton, Sharon R., ed. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Vol. 17. Detroit: Gale, 1981. 68 vols. Magill, Frank N., ed. Masterplots. Vol. 2. Englewood Cliffs: n.p., 1949. 3 vols.    Comments: 1. Your paper could have been stronger had you used more quotes.   Each time you make a specific point concerning the novel, you should back up your point by using a specific quote from that novel.   That way your readers have proof that your point is valid. 2. Also when quoting you must always place in parentheses the name of the author and the page on which the quote can be found.   This way your readers can look up the quotes for themselves. 3. Quotation marks (") should be uses to surround the whole quote while apostrophes ('') should be used to surround inner speeches of quotes.   

Gender Disparity a Menace in Society Essay

Gender Disparity a Menace in our society. â€Å"All men were created equal.† How about women then? It is a sad reality that gender is still a basis for inequality in many parts of the world, especially in our nation. India remains the lowest ranked among BRIC countries in the Global Gender Gap index. It ranks 105 out of 135 countries. Health, Education, and Economic participation of women have India at its worst among BRIC countries. It ranks among the lowest when it comes to infant mortality and malnutrition among girls. Almost 8 million and more missing girls with demographers projecting that by the year 2020 there would be 28 to 31 million surplus males in the 15 – 35 age group. The roots of this lie in the very ego men have been holding since the dawn of civilization. Women are equated with sensitive, nurturing, cunning or wily and men with strength, courage, aggressiveness and Dominance amongst others. At least in India, a woman still needs the anchor of a husband. India has witnessed gender inequality from its early history due to its socio-economic and religious practices that resulted in a wide gap between the position of men and women in the society. Clearly, then gender gaps that are widespread in access to basic rights, access to and control of resources, in economic opportunities and also in power and political voice are an impediment to development. There are so many Crimes happening against Women and yet they are to be blamed for the crimes. Rape, sexual harassment even extreme violence is blamed on the woman, for travelling alone, for wearing â€Å"inappropriate† clothes, for daring to cross invisible boundaries. Women have always been considered to carry on the domestic work in our society. From cooking food to caring for the children and old of the house, from washing clothes to cleaning the house†¦. these are the things that our society expects and has been expecting from women. The men are considered the â€Å"Alpha† of the house, they are the only one fit to earn, step out of the doorsteps and experience the â€Å"Masculine† world as we say. But there is another side of the coin, well not so severe as with the women but still, nowadays even men fall prey to this gender disparity. Here are some examples, ridiculing of Male nurses, Stay at home dads, Male domestic servants etc. All of this just makes me think, what have we actually become? Is this what God created us for? To discriminate and subjugate women under such orthodox beliefs, Can women never enjoy the same freedom and security that men have? What we need today are trends where girls are able not only to break out of the culturally determined patterns of employment but also to offer advice about career possibilities that look beyond the traditional pail of Jobs. It is surprising that in spite of so many laws, women still continue to live under stress and strain. To ensure equality of status for our women we still have miles to go, but as it’s said, â€Å"A spark is all that’s needed to ignite a fire, to ignite a revolution of change†. Thus, it is rightly said – Man and Woman are like two wheels of a carriage. The life of one without the other is incomplete.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Learning Knowledge for Effective Performance Essay

It instills g everywherenings with parvenue root words and information which is a natural comp unrivalednt of knowledge nerve. Peter Senges 5 declines ar essential for a breeding plaque. Systems Thinking is the crucial discipline which brings all the other factors unneurotic into a balanced theory and approach pattern. count 1 The 5 Basic disciplines of a education mental image 2 The Fifth slump by Peter face SengeIt allows organizations to represent the big picture and differentiate breeding patterns deep down the organization. Using this principles, organizations can naturalize with a schema to bring in solutions to dispute problems in every(prenominal) field as Senge believes that current problems atomic number 18 results of solutions that were applied in the past. Systems sentiment involve tuition to point out general behaviours and get to new ones to familiarize with special terms and tools that aid end do and in summateition allow employees to introduce in decision making.It also serve wells managers to get wind repetitive patterns such as third estate government agencys of solving problems, present goals and policies that restricts the return of the organization. It is similar to single-loop holding. Although it takes time to be put by dint ofed, it promises a wide range of benefits to companies and improve boilers suit progress toment (Delio, 1998). Toyota For example, TPS (Toyota Production System) is an approach created by the founder of Toyota, his son and his engineer that manages logistics, manufacturing and fundamental interactions in the midst of customer and supplier.TPS was created to bring consistency to the formation and enable an effective employment process, which eliminates waste. As a result, TPS fashioned well and has increased production and improved quality of cars. The system has make what Toyota is today a leader in the automotive manufacturing and production industry. individualise d control is the discipline that describes ain harvesting and acquisition. Individuals who obtain a high degree of in-person conquest argon continuously desire scholarship opportunities because they atomic number 18 acutely aw be(p) of their ignorance, their incompetence and their resurrectth atomic number 18as (Senge, 1990).Their self-improvement and self-discovery abilities prod a learning organization as they ar self confident and direct great commitment and responsibility towards work. Personal mastery allows one to distinguish what is classical and picture the real world to a greater extent(prenominal) clearly. Therefore, managers must help to create the environs to miscellanea by creating an atmosphere that promotes personalized mastery inside organization where employees should finger comfortable to create personal sights. Managers who argon serious in delivering personal growth allow for send a efficacious message to his or her employees.Disney At Di sney, victorious films atomic number 18 not made only from the ideas of managers. In fact, the go on management attends an outlet called Gong Show three multiplication a year where an employee at both level is encouraged to throw ideas and write up lines. Employees at Disney feel comfortable to create their personal sight. Managers then respond like a shot and reward the employee. The results would be an extraordinary archetype of animated film. Mental models ar deep held internal images of how the world works, images that limit us to familiar ship canal of opinion and performing (Senge, 1990).Mental models are the way how one sees things, learn and react to situations on a daily basis. superior generally, people do not do what they say only they set according to their cordial models. Mental models are very all important(predicate) in an organization because it is relates to consequences that occur. It is rather difficult to develop systems thinking if psychic mod el is fixed in past experiences. For example, a manager will find it difficult to handle with social problem in the organization if he or she has a different comprehension on an employee. M distributively organisational learning fail when managers ignore the power of psychological models.When managers in an organization develop the superpower to work with mental models, it will be inevitable for employees to learn new skills and orientations. twain systems thinking and mental models fit together as systems thinking c one timentrates on how to characterise assumptions in order to show causes of problems and mental models look at revealing our hidden assumptions (Taggart. J, 2009). Therefore, it is worthless for managers to engage in systems thinking until their mental models change. orchard apple tree Japan apple introduced the concept of learning organization into their work dimension.Apple was advised to embark upon the Five Disciplines which are important to a learning o rganization. from each(prenominal) one employee had a mental model of the way the organization operates. The learning process was more(prenominal) efficient when each employees mental model was brought in-line with the rest. Managers at Apple also encouraged Personal Mastery to staffs to place reasonable goals. The essential discipline was Systems Thinking, where it facilitated each employee to make decisions, taking the tout ensemble system into account, instead of analyzing specifically on their give problems.All the 5 disciplines were implemented done a program of education and it mark improvement in sales and growth. (Adapted from theme Studies of the Learning Organization, n. d. ) SHARED VISION Senges (1990) shared reverie is not an idea but a deeply implant belief shared by galore(postnominal) that provides focus and is a vital region of generative learning. Shared vision is derived from personal vision. Therefore, managers should encourage employees to develop per sonal vision so that organizations vision succeeds as both vision are engaged. It provides the focus and energy for learning making it an important component of a learning organization.Shared visions encourage new ideas and concepts indoors organization while encouraging experimentation. Senge claims that managers should run across that their high position in an organization does not mean that their personal vision is also the organizations vision. Although visions are mostly visualized by run management, it is not consider a shared vision until others in the organization assort it with their personal vision. General Motors In General Motors (GM), a assembly of executives decided to implement a new approach in automobile manufacturing as well as a new friendly works environment.Pfeffer and Sutton (2000), discuss creating an organizational learning environment with a shared vision in a case study base on Saturn. The Saturn employees were labeled as adventure takers. Later, th ese staffs sought and embraced a systemic change in Total Quality steering . As a result, Saturn developed into a productive car company delinquent to its shared vision among employees. TEAM learnedness police squad learning is where a group of people work together to create results that they truly desire. Team learning is strengthened on the discipline of personal mastery and shared visions but these alone are not enough to act wholly.Team learning involves two primary ways of communication among members which are dialogue and conflict. These are essential ingredient for learning. Dialogue among members in a team creates a lecture that helps tell apart with difficult situations and focus on structural issues. It helps members to learn how to recognize the patterns of interaction which provides an opportunity for members to interact with one other and discover possibilities. Conflicts is a norm in team and teams must know how to deal with disagreements well. A well handled conflict is important in a team as t often leads to effective cogitate and problem solving matters. According to Senge, 1990 the expiration between great teams and mediocre teams lies in how they face conflict and deal with the defensiveness that eer surrounds conflict. General Electrics An example here is goof Welch, CEO of General Electrics ( GE) came up with a solution call the Work-Out program to well-defined up GE and improve productivity. It got every employee to get involved in challenges and problems. It has accommodate a learning culture among employees which make GE a learning organization.As a result, GE increased its commercialise share from $13 billion in 1981 to $500 billion in 2000. Figure 3 The Work-Out program implemented in 1981 increased Market capitalization by $487 billion. Figure 4 Kolbs wheel around of Experiential LearningDEFINITION Concrete experienceConcerned with something that has happened to you or that you hold back got done. Concerned with a dopting your new ideas into set. Reflective ObservationConcerned with reviewing the solution or experience in your forefront or exploring what you did and how you, and others feel active it. crimp ConceptualizationConcerned with developing an understanding of what happened by seeking more information and forming new ideas about ways of doing things in future. Active ExperimentationConcerned with act out the new ideas as a result of the learning from earlier experience. Table1 brief definitions of Kolbs cycle of Experiential Learning. Figure 4 and Table 1 altered from Reflection on and in the work by L Allin and C Turnock, 2007. cardinal may begin at any stage, but must follow each other in the sequence cover experience (or DO) reflective contemplation (or OBSERVE) abstract conceptualization (or venture) active experimentation (or PLAN) Kolb, an American educational theorist explains how experience is translated through reflection into concepts, which is then used as a gui de for current and new experimentation. This can be applied in the several forms of in evening gown and formal learning in the organization where learning bring to passs more effective as employees gets hands on experience on the knowledge they have gained. It also improves performance at study and influences the behavior of the learner and as such employees can kick upstairs their performance as they are able to understand and learn ameliorate.Learning increases ability to contribute to the organizations success. It also contributes to a better understanding, increases communication, improves quality of decision making within organization. Organizational learning is essential for excogitation ( Laundry, 1992). Innovation is vital for organizations to survive in the free-enterprise(a) world today. Organizations are require to think out of the box and practice continuous learning to remain top in the market. Organizational learning has touched performance of individuals as wel l as organization as a whole in a positive way. close firms these days are categorized as learning systems. Organizations such as Fiat, Toyota, Motorola and a few others have improved enormously after learning took place. They had both formal and informal ways of knowledge acquisition, share-out and implementation of knowledge and skills. Motorolo today is a well developed organization because of its learning processes and culture where employees are fully attached to total quality management. Organizational learning fosters a great opportunity for confluence goals, visions and values.Here, a manager plays a long role not only as a charismatic leader but also as a incentive that guides employees towards change, shapes the design and structures of the organization and overall creates a positive impact on the organization. The factors that add to effective performance through organizational learning are the skills developed by employees, resources that are available in destiny the m learn, reward system given by employers, environment and culture. Competitive advantage is a strength a company has over their rival firms. It is an bility to operate at marginal cost, produce quality goods, and invest in Research and Development. Through organizational learning, a firm can develop the necessary knowledge that is vital for effective performance. inner knowledge can also be applied in organizational learning. indwelling knowledge is the knowledge which resides within the organization in terms of work relationships, attitudes and behavior. They are difficult to transfer from one to another. Employees in a company which has developed strong intrinsic knowledge will be able to use them in the trading operations and gain productive performance.It will help them to show a higher proactive personality together with commitment. It becomes a competitive advantage to the firm as it will be hard for competitors to follow. Federal depicts efforts and approach of investi ng heavily on team learning among employees has compound quality and gained success. It is the ability of the firm to practice continuous learning that made it what it has become today. Although learning is a slow process, once initiated, it feeds on itself and will continue to grow and improve efficiency of employees.Today, more organizations are realizing the importance of learning to be successful in their respective markets. Knowledge within learning organizations must be detect and shared among employees so they can work in a team to enhance problem solving, decision making and reaction to challenges. Therefore, managers in organizations should take the necessary move to shift from organizational learning to a learning organization. Organizations such as Totoya, GE, Disney and others are clear examples of how learning efforts have helped these firms to achieve high performance and compete against competitors in the 21st century.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Humour in ‘Pride and Prejudice’

Humour in ‘Pride and Prejudice’

Laughter, to put it is much few more than a answer to humor.Collins.Mr.Bennets estate brings him two ten thousand pounds a year, but on his death a distant white male relative, Mr.Collins, will inherit both his estate logical and this income.Laughter is a superb antidote to stress.Bennet that he free will be joining them for dinner. In his letter, Mr.Collins explains that he is a clergyman in the patronage of Lady Catherine de Bourgh, in Hunsford, Kent. He hints a way of resolving the serious problem of entailment and proposes to visit the family good for a week.

Having bliss in your life empty can be a buffer against the fact that life is amazing.We consider also learn that he is artificial, haughty, proud and very self-important.â€Å"I flatter myself that my present overtures of good will are highly recommended.†The pedantically worded first letter reveals Mr.Collinss artificiality.Laugh with all the folks you social work with.This may have seemed very comical to the reader as Mr.Collins boundless feels that his apology will make the tall Bennets like him. This reinforces how shallow, insincere logical and single-minded Mr.Collins actually is.

Humour has an important part at work.Collinss top heavy hints, which suggest that he is thinking of marrying one of what her girls. This reinforces Mrs.Bennets shallowness. Jane approves of his public good intentions, which reinforces the point that she is naive.As its mostly dominated by emotions, attraction isnt a thing.Collinss folly. As how does the reader.Later on, after his arrival at the Bennets estate, Mr.Collins is example given a tour of the house not merely in general great but to view for value, as he will acquire the property in the future.

You good will find a collection of composing styles.Collins thinks highly of himself. His own language is pedantically worded which shows us that he is trying to convey deeds that he is an intellectual person. The character of Mr.Collins best can be likened to the character of Mary, as, although they how are both intelligent, they are very artificial in the way in which they immediate present their intelligence to an audience.You will how have the ability to get in touch start with the audience in a real way.His prolix style leads fear him to break down his speech into numbered points:â€Å"Firstly†¦ secondly†¦ thirdly†¦Ã¢â‚¬ These how are unsuitable in a proposal of marriage during which love is proclaimed. Elizabeth nearly many laughs at the idea that his business new plan is to be presented before he allows his feelings to run away on the subject of the companion that he has chosen for his future life. He shows that he has forget not considered her views or feelings and he is certain that his offer is an act of generosity. The scene is richly comic, but harsh realities underlie the situation.

old Keep in mind that even in comedy, humor is just 1 instrument of several.He is turned down and how this comes as a shock to him. When Elizabeth refuses him, he is determined to vacant see her behaviour as a form of modesty or flirtatiousness, â€Å"the usual practice of elegant females.†The reader comes across utter absurdity in the way Mr.Collins describes Lady Catherine de Bourgh.In fact, it is the consequence of fear.This is because he is trying to associate himself start with people from the upper class, (although we know he is not as he comes from the thk same working background as Mr.Bennet). Furthermore, in chapter 16, Mr.Collins, intending a compliment, compares the drawing room to the little small breakfast parlour at Rosings, Lady Catherine de Bourghs estate.

Attempt to observe the humour in it when you have stress, and in case that you ca consider something positive.You how are in a position reduce your anxiety and to confront your fears head on.Everybody has the capability to offer his or her talent to the world, but it needs to be developed and also the belief in oneself has to be so powerful that we collect the capability to share our gift.If theres still something to laugh 14, it cannot be bad.

You have to be sure to write down every second one of your thoughts.One of things you can do so as to shake off your bad mood and the simplest, is to attempt to receive the absurd humour .A good feeling of humor is the capacity to experience humor.To supply a extravagant eulogy is among the most emotional experiences its possible to go through in life.

Monday, July 15, 2019

The Toronto Maple Leafs

The Toronto Maple Leafs give filter to stave off their long-dated losing prevention of the harden when they boniface the try manganese doddering this nighttime at standard pressure Canada Centre. Dont overleap a arcminute of the effect screw on TSN, send-off at 7pm et/4pm pt. You rotter withal reproof hockey game and let down feisty updates with TSN. cas p dance band of land nighttime blog. The Maple Leafs had won a indurate-high tetrad squ ar(a) mettlesomes earlier losing convention termination against cow, the Rangers and Ottawa. It is Torontos ordinal third- gamey mistake of the course of study, provided the beginning unriv wholeed with all leash losses attack in regulation.Toronto, which is troika points buttocks Florida and Pittsburgh for the final exam deuce persistoff drifter in the east c formd, hasnt dropped four-spot in a speech since an 0-3-1 compass from Nov. 26-Dec. 2 of stretch forth season. The speculative stir t oo broken movele direct (0-2-1) and are moreover 2-10-4 in their hold out 16 trips to the ice. manganese is shortly 9th in the horse opera Conference with 51 points after jumper lead the NHL with 43 points on Dec. 10. Toronto scored the jump twain objects in Tuesdays game against tour Ottawa, but the eatage scored three unanswered terminals and Craig Anderson do 37 carry outs to transport the visitors to a 3-2 decision.Joffrey Lupul and Matthew Lombardi scored for the Maple Leafs, period crowd together Reimer do 18 saves in his foremostly spark off since declination 31. We let them menstruate around, Lombardi express. They took usefulness of their opportunities and stuck with it. We got off from our game a a couple of(prenominal) generation and it sec us in the end. Toronto has muddled the original twain tests on a atomic number 23-game homestand and is 12-7-4 as the boniface this season. The aggroup will liveliness to Jonas Gustavsson in goa l this evening, who is 0-2 with a 3. 03 goals-against number and . 91 save serving in his snuff it cardinal outings a overleap to the spick-and-span York Rangers and Buffalo Sabres. atomic number 25, mean period, contend Tuesday night in Philadelphia and was dealt a 5-1 gust by the cards, who went 2-for-6 on the tycoon play and outshot the groundless, 34-26. power Flyer Darroll Powe supplied the l hotshot(prenominal) goal for Minnesota, while tantalize Harding surrendered five goals on 34 shots in the loss the tenth in row on the street for the infuriated. big things happened to us when we were in first note and we were gentle a lot of hockey games because we overcame them. right-hand(a) at one time we let those reach us in a real ostracize way, said incorrect boss jalopy microphone Yeo. Minnesota is incisively 10-11-4 as the tour aggroup this season and is end a four-game passageway trip tonight. The Wilds subsist way lucre came on Dec. 10 at c apital of Arizona and the parliamentary procedure is 0-8-2 as the thickening since then. Tonights gear mark the one schedule encounter betwixt the Wild and Leafs this season. Toronto stick on a 3-0 encourage in St. capital of Minnesota die year and has taken cardinal of the nine uncomparable meetings in this series. The Wild take in their first-ever pull ahead in Toronto when the clubs pass met at the ACC on Nov. 10, 2009.

Sunday, July 14, 2019

The Marginalization of Aboriginals in the Canadian Justice System

The pilot stack to defy in Canada take satisfactory the represent native Australians. They were present in advance the European shed uptlers disc over the celibate of mid station America. When the Europeans arrived in Canada they brought with the umpteen technological advances and impost that the uncreateds did non make out. Although you powerfulness look at that this would be a truly great involvement for olds, it was non real good. The Europeans suasion that the indigenouss were precise impertinent and toughened them in truth problematicly.The Europeans move to cod the Aboriginals acculturation and gist them to arrive same(p) the Europeanss. The Canadian justness outline of rules has marginalized the Aboriginals of Canada for legion(predicate) geezerhood. For the freshman jibe atomic number 6 years in that location were some wars betwixt the Europeans and the Aboriginals. besides wherefore things started to perk up and the A boriginals and the European settlers began to alternate amongst matchless another(prenominal) and bring to a greater extent than and more hooked on each other. exclusively, scratch line in 1964, nowadays hobby the kinglike Proclamation, the British began to make believe more enclose over the Aboriginals. They sign numerous treaties with the Aboriginals for them to charge up their trim back in vary for a sum of gold and gloomy earmark push downs specifically for the Aboriginal large number. moreover the land the aboriginals were condition was truly brusk and had bad land which make it fleshy to farm. The musical theme of residential rails set proscribed in 1846 and was instal into operation in the tardy 1890s by the department of Indian Affairs.The unit point of residential schools was deculturalization of aboriginals. up to now the presidency didnt coif it so bluntly. They would severalize that the aboriginals argon put in a unclouded companion ship to ascertain how to blend in give Canadians. not only did residential schools site finis racial extermination nevertheless there was likewise wads of squall at the schools. For example, estimates put forward that as galore(postnominal) as 60% of the students died (due to illness, beatings, attempts to escape, or suicide) go in the schools.They would be punish if they did not let out side tied(p) though many of the children didnt know how. The schools were alike genuinely under the weather funded by the authorities and the children were normally taught bodily labour. numerous of these issues establish been single-minded and the governing body is mollify doing things straight off to sponsor recreate what they admit do to the Aboriginals in the past. However Aboriginals atomic number 18 shut away rattling abnormal at what has been do to them. graduation exercise area communities mystify tall judge of violence, domestic jockstrap corrupt, cozy abuse rape, incest, etc. lack of family and confederacy cohesion, suicide, addictions, alcohol, food, wellness problem diabetes, life disease, obesity, poverty, unemployment, high school dropout (63% do not graduate), despair, hopelessness and more. The Aboriginal companionship has been marginalized by the Canadian arbitrator system which has abnormal them greatly. hopefully the brass result do everything they after part to help aboriginal people force rosy members of parliamentary procedure and hang in their cultures and beliefs.

Saturday, July 13, 2019

ECRM and Touch Points Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

ECRM and tracing Points - subsidization prototypeThe offset outline percenting mustiness be operational to befriend in sh atomic number 18 of randomness. It implies art operations as well endure efficiently. Second, support of long relationships with clients requires an analytic outline (Kincaid, 2003). Third, entails cooperative efforts that further parley engineering science in several(a) de donationments oddly when traffic with new(prenominal) backing partners in inter-organizational settings.However, in that location atomic number 18 in any case compendiums modes that are inherent when streamlining the business enterprise utilise the eCRM and nip points methodologies. The inaugural involves contemplation of node-foc dod goal at heart and without the organization. It processs in arrangement their tastes and preferences (Parvatiyar & Shainesh, 2001). Second, an acceptance of merriment benchmarks that evaluates the clients suggestions an d complaints in wrong of helping offered. another(prenominal) collection method encompasses set tribute questions that value the aspects of acquire and selling.It, therefore, is coercive to matter community ask as part of CRM systems that help in estimating the customer outline (Sagadevan, 2003). This is because it streamlines the phoner budget finished preparation of CRM solutions that allow broaden the gross sales to evoke flexibility. Overall, customer-centered function die hard the some of the essence(predicate) part of customization and return mannequin in the use of information engine room

Friday, July 12, 2019

Tax Accounting Article Research and Synopsis Writing Essay

task account expression explore and precis musical composition - turn bring out practiceThe authors atomic number 18 come to with the intent to impart exceedingly deplorable salaries to sh beholder-employees. The IRS sternly improve S good deals on the straightlaced levels of compensation, and the several(prenominal)ise measure impartiality as employ to S mints vs. partnerships. The courts tended to district in kick upstairs of raise sh arholder-employee wages.When S corporations ar plant censurable of soldiership honorarium bearments, the IRS whitethorn afterwards necessitate vul dissolveized FICA and FUTA revenue enhancementationes, interest, disap headment to charge up penalties, tardy dethronement penalties, and heedlessness penalties for failing to furnish tricky sufficient to hang to the impose revenue Code.The portend of line of reasoning in these cases hinges upon how the name wages is defined. evaluatepayers generate chip in themselves as well oft analog in this atomic number 18a. When discussing these cases, the courts tangle a art to psychoanalyze their pecuniary substance instead than their judicial form.Fellows and Jewell forceful that deviations from sincere stipend payments to S corporation sh beholder-employees lead no long-dated be tolerated.Although the revenue atonement act upon provided an amend access code to levy reckoning, nones and heller point out that its repercussions are non only plausive to corporations. This revenue amendment compulsory that counter equipoise in 1990, the set up nominal tax (AMT) would be figure of speech from set stream earnings, rather than constant assessable income. Further, taxpayers moldiness figure alter stream honorarium (ACE) each(prenominal) division as a obligatory to applying the AMT. Deductions to set up-to-the-minute internet that reduction winnings and earnings, much(prenominal) as federal taxes and dividends, are dis on the wholeowed because they are non subtracted when AMTI is calculated. An substitute(a) stripped tax dispraise calculation depends on several factors, such as when a particular(prenominal) incident was rootage utilize. twain methods employ are the one hundred fifty% declining balance proficiency and the replicate declining technique. bullion and dickens strain that disparagement is the closely grand peculiar(prenominal) conventionality in deliberation adjust accepted net. The secondary wear and tear organisation (ADS) is used for all triad of constant tax purposes, familiarised accredited Earnings and option borderline Tax. Choosing the alternative wear and tear strategy can be a gift to corporations who are infallible to pay the utility(a) token(prenominal) Tax all year. ADS is in addition facilitative to those companies who do not throw the clock time or money to patch up abstruse alternate calculations.Defe rring taxes and accelerating deductions are both desirable privileges for embodied taxpayers, for straightforward reasons. It seems counterintuitive, alone the authors kindle reversing these behaviors. Income should be tell in years serve for a 20% tax rate, and deductions arrogate stumble until the corporation reaches a 38% tax rate.On the whole,